Environmental hydraulic impacts of river diversions into an impoundment

The Drainage and Irrigation Department, Malaysia (DID) is planning on flow diversions of Gombak and Batu Rivers into an ex-mining Batu pond as one of flood mitigation measures in the urbanizing Klang River basin. The pond will also be used for recreational activities during non-flooding period. An impact study on the pond has been carried out using a 2-D hydrodynamics and water quality model which concentrates on the transport of total suspended solids (TSS). Active flow activities and pollutant transport take place mostly in the southern region of the pond resulting the water to be unfit for the designated use

Influence of Two-line Emergent Floodplain Vegetation on a Straight Compound Channel Flow

Abstract: Floods are frequent events occur in Malaysia and cause loss of life, human suffering and widespread damages to buildings, crops and infrastructure. Effort to understanding on this phenomenon is an interesting research. The objectives of this study are to determine the stage-discharge relationship, roughness coefficient and streamwise velocity distribution in a vegetated straight compound channel. The effects of two-line emergent vegetation along the edge of floodplain are studied by using a flume in the Hydraulics Laboratory, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM). The results on stage-discharge relationship, Manning’s n and velocity distribution for overbank flows are presented in this paper. From the analysis, it is found that the vegetation influences stage-discharge where retardation of flow takes place. The maximum velocity zone is observed to be in the main channel and less fluid momentum transfer takes place in the presence of vegetation. Vegetated floodplain also influence the increases of channel roughness

The total energy usage in block a students residential hall (DPP) TM, UUM using energy audit

Nowadays, people are more aware of energy efficiency, energy use in buildings.The energy audit was a through examination of the use and waste of energy in a building.My studied is about energy audit. Energy audit is also very important to know the amount of energy used in a building. In energy audit I studied about the total of light, the light energy is used and the number of bills to be paid.The present article on energy studies conducted in the fluorescent lights in Block A DPP TM.In this study, energy audit and use data collected in all places, in block A.There are many of these studies the use of waste energy used by the students in the building blocks A DPP TM.This proposal discusses about the savings made to avoid wastage

Spatio-Temporal Patterns of Saltwater Intrusion in A Narrow Meandering Channel

Saltwater intrusion has become a crucial issue for water resources management across the globe. Consequently, this issue leads to problems such as encroachment on water intake zone, loss of freshwater vegetation and also disturbance to aquatic life habitat. Undeniably climate change increases the saline water flow into the river system. The meandering rivers are common, and the hydraulics is more complex than straight rivers. An experimental hydraulic investigation was carried out in the Universiti Teknologi Malaysia to elucidate the hydrodynamic interactions between saline water and freshwater in a narrow meandering channel. The spatio-temporal salinity profiles along the river are discussed in this paper. The findings prevailed a typical characteristic of a salt-wedge estuary and indicated the processes of estuarine mixing. As the saltwater flows upstream, the salinity level drops due to the dilution process. Salinity levels and densimetric Froude number were mainly driven by freshwater discharge in the channel. A variation of dilution rate in a narrow meandering channel were up to 78.9% due to strong velocity forces produced by a high freshwater discharge. Furthermore, the flow resistance induced by the channel boundaries and meander planform itself influenced the salinity intrusion profiles along the channel

Spatio-Temporal Patterns of Saltwater Intrusion in A Narrow Meandering Channel

Saltwater intrusion has become a crucial issue for water resources management across the globe. Consequently, this issue leads to problems such as encroachment on water intake zone, loss of freshwater vegetation and also disturbance to aquatic life habitat. Undeniably climate change increases the saline water flow into the river system. The meandering rivers are common, and the hydraulics is more complex than straight rivers. An experimental hydraulic investigation was carried out in the Universiti Teknologi Malaysia to elucidate the hydrodynamic interactions between saline water and freshwater in a narrow meandering channel. The spatio-temporal salinity profiles along the river are discussed in this paper. The findings prevailed a typical characteristic of a salt-wedge estuary and indicated the processes of estuarine mixing. As the saltwater flows upstream, the salinity level drops due to the dilution process. Salinity levels and densimetric Froude number were mainly driven by freshwater discharge in the channel. A variation of dilution rate in a narrow meandering channel were up to 78.9% due to strong velocity forces produced by a high freshwater discharge. Furthermore, the flow resistance induced by the channel boundaries and meander planform itself influenced the salinity intrusion profiles along the channel

Knowledge and perceptions toward cardiology pharmacy education and training: Malaysian pharmacy students’ perspectives

Introduction The role of pharmacists in the patient care process is developing in the Malaysian healthcare setting. Pharmacy students are required to be aware of cardiology pharmacy practice as this is one of the top national disease burdens in Malaysia. This study was conducted to assess the knowledge and perceptions of pharmacy students toward the cardiology pharmacy specialty practice. Methods A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted. The study instrument was a 31-item self-developed questionnaire. The target participants were third and fourth-year pharmacy students in one of the public Malaysian pharmacy schools. Results The overall response rate was 174/209 students (83.3%); 42 (24.1%) were male and 132 (75.9%) were female. The majority of students possessed a sound knowledge regarding cardiology pharmacy services and roles of the cardiology pharmacist. Nevertheless, important differences were noted between the participants in a few particular areas. These included prior familiarity with the term “cardiology pharmacy” (p = 0.032), limitations to the active participation of pharmacists in the cardiology unit in Malaysia (p = 0.013), and perceptions toward the necessity of a cardiology pharmacist to the Malaysian healthcare system (p = 0.005). Conclusions Overall, the pharmacy students in our sample have high knowledge of and positive perceptions toward cardiology pharmacy practice. The majority of students perceived the introduction of cardiology pharmacy as a stand-alone subject in the undergraduate pharmacy curriculum in a positive manner. This study may be considered as a starting point for Malaysian pharmacy schools to consider offering focused clinical learning aligned with both the nation's health priorities and the prospective specialty level of clinical pharmacy practice in the countr

Flume investigation on bed load transport and bedforms in simple channels

Massive floods hit various states in Malaysia such as Pahang, Kelantan, Johor, Terengganu, Sabah and Sarawak. It caused widespread damages to properties, infrastructures, human suffering and even deaths. More frequent floods incidents and soil erosion are reported which lead to sedimentation problems in the drainage and river systems due to urbanisation. It is important to understand the sedimentation process and the behaviour of bed forms in the water course for post-flood events. However, it is risky and dangerous to conduct field study during occurrence of flooding. Laboratory study has been chosen as an alternative to fulfill the objectives. Experimental investigations on the bed load transport and bed forms in simple channels have been undertaken. Small and large flume models are used in the laboratory. The effects of flow on mobile sandy bed channel and bed load transportation are studied by using a modified flume with an asymmetric straight compound channel. However, the findings on rate of transport and bed formation for non-flooding cases are presented in this paper. It is found that the bed formation profiles for both channels are different due to scale and flume characteristics. The bed forms, erosion and deposition processes are significantly influenced by the water velocity in the channel. The bed forms observed for large flume are repeating ripples and dunes; meanwhile variable of ripples are observed in small flume

Determination of flow characteristics in the vegetated compound channels

Floods are frequent events occur in the Asia, Europe and many parts of the world. The recent floods in Malaysia such as in the states of Johor, Pahang, Kelantan, Terengganu and Kedah resulted huge damages to buildings, infrastructures, crops and also human suffering. In overbank flow conditions, a large momentum exchange takes place between main channel and floodplain flows. An experimental study on the effects of submerged vegetation on floodplain and oneline emergent vegetation along the edge of floodplain on the river hydraulics during flooding is carried out in the laboratory. It is important to understand the hydraulic processes in order to maintain the rivers as safe and environmental-friendly. The results on stage-discharge relationship, longitudinal velocity profiles and roughness parameter for inbank and overbank flows in a straight compound channel are presented in this report. It is found that the vegetation influences stage-discharge where retardation of flow takes place. The high velocity zone is observed to be in main channel and less fluid momentum transfer takes place with the presence of vegetation. Also, channel roughness increases for vegetated floodplain